PhytophthoraV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000D64

The Activation of Phytophthora Effector Avr3b by Plant Cyclophilin is Required for the Nudix Hydrolase Activity of Avr3b.

Identifieur interne : 000D64 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000D63; suivant : 000D65

The Activation of Phytophthora Effector Avr3b by Plant Cyclophilin is Required for the Nudix Hydrolase Activity of Avr3b.

Source :

PLoS pathogens [ 1553-7374 ] ; 2015.

RBID : pubmed:26317500

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Cyclophilines (immunologie), Cyclophilines (métabolisme), Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH), Immunité des plantes (physiologie), Immunoprécipitation (MeSH), Interactions hôte-parasite (physiologie), Maladies des plantes (immunologie), Maladies des plantes (parasitologie), Phytophthora (immunologie), Phytophthora (métabolisme), Phytophthora (pathogénicité), Protéines végétales (immunologie), Protéines végétales (métabolisme), Pyrophosphatases (immunologie), Pyrophosphatases (métabolisme), Soja (parasitologie), Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH), Technique de Western (MeSH), Techniques de double hybride (MeSH), Virulence (MeSH).
MESH :
- immunologie : Cyclophilines, Maladies des plantes, Phytophthora, Protéines végétales, Pyrophosphatases.
- métabolisme : Cyclophilines, Phytophthora, Protéines végétales, Pyrophosphatases.
- parasitologie : Maladies des plantes, Soja.
- pathogénicité : Phytophthora.
- physiologie : Immunité des plantes, Interactions hôte-parasite.
- Données de séquences moléculaires, Immunoprécipitation, Séquence d'acides aminés, Technique de Western, Techniques de double hybride, Virulence.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Amino Acid Sequence (MeSH), Blotting, Western (MeSH), Cyclophilins (immunology), Cyclophilins (metabolism), Host-Parasite Interactions (physiology), Immunoprecipitation (MeSH), Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH), Phytophthora (immunology), Phytophthora (metabolism), Phytophthora (pathogenicity), Plant Diseases (immunology), Plant Diseases (parasitology), Plant Immunity (physiology), Plant Proteins (immunology), Plant Proteins (metabolism), Pyrophosphatases (immunology), Pyrophosphatases (metabolism), Soybeans (parasitology), Two-Hybrid System Techniques (MeSH), Virulence (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , immunology : Cyclophilins, Plant Proteins, Pyrophosphatases.
- chemical , metabolism : Cyclophilins, Plant Proteins, Pyrophosphatases.
- immunology : Phytophthora, Plant Diseases.
- metabolism : Phytophthora.
- parasitology : Plant Diseases, Soybeans.
- pathogenicity : Phytophthora.
- physiology : Host-Parasite Interactions, Plant Immunity.
- Amino Acid Sequence, Blotting, Western, Immunoprecipitation, Molecular Sequence Data, Two-Hybrid System Techniques, Virulence.

Abstract

Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of effector proteins to impair host immunity. Some effectors possess enzymatic activities that can modify their host targets. Previously, we demonstrated that a Phytophthora sojae RXLR effector Avr3b acts as a Nudix hydrolase when expressed in planta; and this enzymatic activity is required for full virulence of P. sojae strain P6497 in soybean (Glycine max). Interestingly, recombinant Avr3b produced by E. coli does not have the hydrolase activity unless it was incubated with plant protein extracts. Here, we report the activation of Avr3b by a prolyl-peptidyl isomerase (PPIase), cyclophilin, in plant cells. Avr3b directly interacts with soybean cyclophilin GmCYP1, which activates the hydrolase activity of Avr3b in a PPIase activity-dependent manner. Avr3b contains a putative Glycine-Proline (GP) motif; which is known to confer cyclophilin-binding in other protein substrates. Substitution of the Proline (P132) in the putative GP motif impaired the interaction of Avr3b with GmCYP1; as a result, the mutant Avr3bP132A can no longer be activated by GmCYP1, and is also unable to promote Phytophthora infection. Avr3b elicits hypersensitive response (HR) in soybean cultivars producing the resistance protein Rps3b, but Avr3bP132A lost its ability to trigger HR. Furthermore, silencing of GmCYP1 rendered reduced cell death triggered by Avr3b, suggesting that GmCYP1-mediated Avr3b maturation is also required for Rps3b recognition. Finally, cyclophilins of Nicotiana benthamiana can also interact with Avr3b and activate its enzymatic activity. Overall, our results demonstrate that cyclophilin is a "helper" that activates the enzymatic activity of Avr3b after it is delivered into plant cells; as such, cyclophilin is required for the avirulence and virulence functions of Avr3b.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005139
PubMed: 26317500
PubMed Central: PMC4552650

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Wang, Yuanchao" sort="Wang, Yuanchao" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yuanchao" last="Wang">Yuanchao Wang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Kong, Guanghui" sort="Kong, Guanghui" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Guanghui" last="Kong">Guanghui Kong</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zhao, Yao" sort="Zhao, Yao" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yao" last="Zhao">Yao Zhao</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Jing, Maofeng" sort="Jing, Maofeng" uniqKey="Jing M" first="Maofeng" last="Jing">Maofeng Jing</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Huang, Jie" sort="Huang, Jie" uniqKey="Huang J" first="Jie" last="Huang">Jie Huang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Yang, Jin" sort="Yang, Jin" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jin" last="Yang">Jin Yang</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Xia, Yeqiang" sort="Xia, Yeqiang" uniqKey="Xia Y" first="Yeqiang" last="Xia">Yeqiang Xia</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Kong, Liang" sort="Kong, Liang" uniqKey="Kong L" first="Liang" last="Kong">Liang Kong</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Ye, Wenwu" sort="Ye, Wenwu" uniqKey="Ye W" first="Wenwu" last="Ye">Wenwu Ye</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
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<author><name sortKey="Xiong, Qin" sort="Xiong, Qin" uniqKey="Xiong Q" first="Qin" last="Xiong">Qin Xiong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Qiao, Yongli" sort="Qiao, Yongli" uniqKey="Qiao Y" first="Yongli" last="Qiao">Yongli Qiao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement>
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<author><name sortKey="Dong, Suomeng" sort="Dong, Suomeng" uniqKey="Dong S" first="Suomeng" last="Dong">Suomeng Dong</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, Wenbo" sort="Ma, Wenbo" uniqKey="Ma W" first="Wenbo" last="Ma">Wenbo Ma</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, Yuanchao" sort="Wang, Yuanchao" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yuanchao" last="Wang">Yuanchao Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country>
<wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Nanjing</wicri:noRegion>
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<term>Cyclophilins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Host-Parasite Interactions (physiology)</term>
<term>Immunoprecipitation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Molecular Sequence Data (MeSH)</term>
<term>Phytophthora (immunology)</term>
<term>Phytophthora (metabolism)</term>
<term>Phytophthora (pathogenicity)</term>
<term>Plant Diseases (immunology)</term>
<term>Plant Diseases (parasitology)</term>
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<term>Plant Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Pyrophosphatases (immunology)</term>
<term>Pyrophosphatases (metabolism)</term>
<term>Soybeans (parasitology)</term>
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<term>Virulence (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Cyclophilines (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Données de séquences moléculaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Immunité des plantes (physiologie)</term>
<term>Immunoprécipitation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Interactions hôte-parasite (physiologie)</term>
<term>Maladies des plantes (immunologie)</term>
<term>Maladies des plantes (parasitologie)</term>
<term>Phytophthora (immunologie)</term>
<term>Phytophthora (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Phytophthora (pathogénicité)</term>
<term>Protéines végétales (immunologie)</term>
<term>Protéines végétales (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Pyrophosphatases (immunologie)</term>
<term>Pyrophosphatases (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Soja (parasitologie)</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés (MeSH)</term>
<term>Technique de Western (MeSH)</term>
<term>Techniques de double hybride (MeSH)</term>
<term>Virulence (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Pyrophosphatases</term>
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<term>Pyrophosphatases</term>
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<term>Protéines végétales</term>
<term>Pyrophosphatases</term>
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<term>Plant Diseases</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cyclophilines</term>
<term>Phytophthora</term>
<term>Protéines végétales</term>
<term>Pyrophosphatases</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Diseases</term>
<term>Soybeans</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Immunité des plantes</term>
<term>Interactions hôte-parasite</term>
</keywords>
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<term>Plant Immunity</term>
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<term>Blotting, Western</term>
<term>Immunoprecipitation</term>
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<term>Two-Hybrid System Techniques</term>
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<term>Immunoprécipitation</term>
<term>Séquence d'acides aminés</term>
<term>Technique de Western</term>
<term>Techniques de double hybride</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of effector proteins to impair host immunity. Some effectors possess enzymatic activities that can modify their host targets. Previously, we demonstrated that a Phytophthora sojae RXLR effector Avr3b acts as a Nudix hydrolase when expressed in planta; and this enzymatic activity is required for full virulence of P. sojae strain P6497 in soybean (Glycine max). Interestingly, recombinant Avr3b produced by E. coli does not have the hydrolase activity unless it was incubated with plant protein extracts. Here, we report the activation of Avr3b by a prolyl-peptidyl isomerase (PPIase), cyclophilin, in plant cells. Avr3b directly interacts with soybean cyclophilin GmCYP1, which activates the hydrolase activity of Avr3b in a PPIase activity-dependent manner. Avr3b contains a putative Glycine-Proline (GP) motif; which is known to confer cyclophilin-binding in other protein substrates. Substitution of the Proline (P132) in the putative GP motif impaired the interaction of Avr3b with GmCYP1; as a result, the mutant Avr3bP132A can no longer be activated by GmCYP1, and is also unable to promote Phytophthora infection. Avr3b elicits hypersensitive response (HR) in soybean cultivars producing the resistance protein Rps3b, but Avr3bP132A lost its ability to trigger HR. Furthermore, silencing of GmCYP1 rendered reduced cell death triggered by Avr3b, suggesting that GmCYP1-mediated Avr3b maturation is also required for Rps3b recognition. Finally, cyclophilins of Nicotiana benthamiana can also interact with Avr3b and activate its enzymatic activity. Overall, our results demonstrate that cyclophilin is a "helper" that activates the enzymatic activity of Avr3b after it is delivered into plant cells; as such, cyclophilin is required for the avirulence and virulence functions of Avr3b. </div>
</front>
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<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26317500</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>03</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1553-7374</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume>
<Issue>8</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>Aug</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>PLoS pathogens</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>PLoS Pathog</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>The Activation of Phytophthora Effector Avr3b by Plant Cyclophilin is Required for the Nudix Hydrolase Activity of Avr3b.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>e1005139</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.ppat.1005139</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of effector proteins to impair host immunity. Some effectors possess enzymatic activities that can modify their host targets. Previously, we demonstrated that a Phytophthora sojae RXLR effector Avr3b acts as a Nudix hydrolase when expressed in planta; and this enzymatic activity is required for full virulence of P. sojae strain P6497 in soybean (Glycine max). Interestingly, recombinant Avr3b produced by E. coli does not have the hydrolase activity unless it was incubated with plant protein extracts. Here, we report the activation of Avr3b by a prolyl-peptidyl isomerase (PPIase), cyclophilin, in plant cells. Avr3b directly interacts with soybean cyclophilin GmCYP1, which activates the hydrolase activity of Avr3b in a PPIase activity-dependent manner. Avr3b contains a putative Glycine-Proline (GP) motif; which is known to confer cyclophilin-binding in other protein substrates. Substitution of the Proline (P132) in the putative GP motif impaired the interaction of Avr3b with GmCYP1; as a result, the mutant Avr3bP132A can no longer be activated by GmCYP1, and is also unable to promote Phytophthora infection. Avr3b elicits hypersensitive response (HR) in soybean cultivars producing the resistance protein Rps3b, but Avr3bP132A lost its ability to trigger HR. Furthermore, silencing of GmCYP1 rendered reduced cell death triggered by Avr3b, suggesting that GmCYP1-mediated Avr3b maturation is also required for Rps3b recognition. Finally, cyclophilins of Nicotiana benthamiana can also interact with Avr3b and activate its enzymatic activity. Overall, our results demonstrate that cyclophilin is a "helper" that activates the enzymatic activity of Avr3b after it is delivered into plant cells; as such, cyclophilin is required for the avirulence and virulence functions of Avr3b. </AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kong</LastName>
<ForeName>Guanghui</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName>
<ForeName>Yao</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jing</LastName>
<ForeName>Maofeng</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Huang</LastName>
<ForeName>Jie</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName>
<ForeName>Jin</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xia</LastName>
<ForeName>Yeqiang</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
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<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kong</LastName>
<ForeName>Liang</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ye</LastName>
<ForeName>Wenwu</ForeName>
<Initials>W</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xiong</LastName>
<ForeName>Qin</ForeName>
<Initials>Q</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qiao</LastName>
<ForeName>Yongli</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dong</LastName>
<ForeName>Suomeng</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ma</LastName>
<ForeName>Wenbo</ForeName>
<Initials>W</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName>
<ForeName>Yuanchao</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>28</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>PLoS Pathog</MedlineTA>
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<ISSNLinking>1553-7366</ISSNLinking>
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<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D010940">Plant Proteins</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.6.1.-</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D011755">Pyrophosphatases</NameOfSubstance>
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<Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.6.1.-</RegistryNumber>
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<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000595" MajorTopicYN="N">Amino Acid Sequence</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015153" MajorTopicYN="N">Blotting, Western</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D021983" MajorTopicYN="N">Cyclophilins</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006790" MajorTopicYN="N">Host-Parasite Interactions</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008969" MajorTopicYN="N">Molecular Sequence Data</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010838" MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000472" MajorTopicYN="Y">pathogenicity</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010935" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Diseases</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName>
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<QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013025" MajorTopicYN="N">Soybeans</DescriptorName>
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<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020798" MajorTopicYN="N">Two-Hybrid System Techniques</DescriptorName>
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<affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li>
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<name sortKey="Huang, Jie" sort="Huang, Jie" uniqKey="Huang J" first="Jie" last="Huang">Jie Huang</name>
<name sortKey="Jing, Maofeng" sort="Jing, Maofeng" uniqKey="Jing M" first="Maofeng" last="Jing">Maofeng Jing</name>
<name sortKey="Kong, Liang" sort="Kong, Liang" uniqKey="Kong L" first="Liang" last="Kong">Liang Kong</name>
<name sortKey="Qiao, Yongli" sort="Qiao, Yongli" uniqKey="Qiao Y" first="Yongli" last="Qiao">Yongli Qiao</name>
<name sortKey="Wang, Yuanchao" sort="Wang, Yuanchao" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yuanchao" last="Wang">Yuanchao Wang</name>
<name sortKey="Xia, Yeqiang" sort="Xia, Yeqiang" uniqKey="Xia Y" first="Yeqiang" last="Xia">Yeqiang Xia</name>
<name sortKey="Xiong, Qin" sort="Xiong, Qin" uniqKey="Xiong Q" first="Qin" last="Xiong">Qin Xiong</name>
<name sortKey="Yang, Jin" sort="Yang, Jin" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jin" last="Yang">Jin Yang</name>
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<name sortKey="Zhao, Yao" sort="Zhao, Yao" uniqKey="Zhao Y" first="Yao" last="Zhao">Yao Zhao</name>
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	Serveur d'exploration Phytophthora
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Serveur d'exploration Phytophthora

The Activation of Phytophthora Effector Avr3b by Plant Cyclophilin is Required for the Nudix Hydrolase Activity of Avr3b.

The Activation of Phytophthora Effector Avr3b by Plant Cyclophilin is Required for the Nudix Hydrolase Activity of Avr3b.

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